What is a fire investigation?

Fire investigations require expertise in fire behavior, knowledge of building structures, understanding of electrical systems, and experience with investigative techniques. Investigators often collaborate with fire departments, law enforcement, insurance companies, and forensic laboratories.

Investigating fires is one of the most important things we do and it’s something we take very seriously. Our investigators take pride in doing a thorough and professional job. 

How do I contact a State Fire Marshal division investigator?

Fire service or law enforcement personnel can contact the Minnesota State Duty Officer:

• Twin Cities Metro Area: 651-649-5451
• Greater Minnesota: 800-422-0798

Investigators will not be dispatched when requests are received from private residents or insurance companies. 

Get a copy of a fire investigation report

The public and insurance agencies: You can email us​ to request a ​fire investigation report.

The media: You can email our communications specialist and public information officer. 

Arson Tip Hotline 

If you have information that will aid in the apprehension of arsonists, contact the Minnesota Arson Hotline at 800-723-2020. You can also submit a tip online. Rewards of up to $5,000 are offered for information leading to the identification of persons responsible.

Fire departments can email us​ to get arson tipline posters. 

How a fire investigation works

A fire investigation is a detailed and systematic examination of the aftermath of a fire to determine its origin and cause. The primary goals are to identify the source of ignition, the materials that ignited, and the circumstances or events that led to the fire. 

Typical steps involved in a fire investigation include:

• Gathering preliminary information from witnesses, first responders, and other sources to understand the circumstances surrounding the fire.
• Conducting a thorough inspection of the site, starting from the least damaged areas to the most severely damaged areas.
• Taking detailed notes, photographs, videos, and sketches to create a record of the scene before any evidence is collected or disturbed.
• Identifying, collecting, and preserving physical evidence such as debris, electrical components, or accelerants that may indicate the cause of the fire.
• Speaking with people who may have information about the fire, such as neighbors, occupants, or individuals who discovered the fire.
• Using the data gathered from the scene, evidence analysis, and witness statements to determine the cause of the fire, whether accidental, natural, incendiary (intentional), or undetermined.
• Compiling a comprehensive report detailing the findings, including the origin, cause, and circumstances of the fire.